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Ian Hamilton Finlay

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    An artist, poet and landscape designer, Ian Hamilton Finlay reinvigorated the classical tradition in a body of work that encompasses a variety of creative forms to celebrate the sustaining power of words. He is best known for his garden at Little Sparta, set in the Pentland Hills, near Edinburgh, where he lived and worked for the last 40 years of his life, and for his guillotine installation, A View to the Temple, at Documenta, Kassel, 1987. Little Sparta represents a fusion of so many of Finlay’s artistic ideas and principally his concern with man’s relationship to nature. With the assistance of his many collaborators, Finlay translated his proposals into myriad different materials. From sculptures in stone and glass and neon, to postcards, prints and booklets, they are united in diversity by their place in Finlay’s fundamentally poetic view of the world. He significantly influenced the concrete poetry movement, and his extensive printed poetical and graphical works were published by Wild Hawthorn Press, which he co-founded in 1961. Finlay started to write plays and poems in the 1950s and by the mid 1960s had emerged as one of the leaders of the concrete poetry movement. In the 1980s Finlay’s international visibility increased exponentially. At the core of Finlay’s oeuvre is the word – written, pencilled, typed, engraved or as neon sign – through short sentences they reveal an ability to wryly abstract complex thoughts into a few words. Using philosophy, history, myths and their characters, over almost forty years he developed an ambiguous body of work of the purest conceptual kind. Exploring concrete poetry, in which the shape of the words is as important as their literal meaning, Finlay’s enigmatic works question fundamental Western cultural values through constructs stemming from Ancient Greece, World War II and the French Revolution, amongst other eras.

    His visual art work, achieved in collaboration with expert artists and craftspeople, can be found in museums, parks and gardens worldwide. Outside Scotland, Finlay’s work is on permanent display in the garden of the Max-Planck Institute, Stuttgart, Germany (since 1975); at Skulptur Projekte, Münster, Germany (1987); at Stockwood Park, Luton, England (1991); Finlay Park, Grevenbroich, Germany (1995); the Serpentine Gallery, London, England (1998) and the Park Güell, Barcelona, Spain (1999), amongst others. Finlay was appointed honorary Commander of the British Empire in 2002.